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明清时期的通州为北京左辅,是重要的政治与军事枢纽,作为京杭大运河沿岸的漕运重镇,明清两朝中央政府不但在通州设重兵守护粮仓,而且置仓场侍郎、坐粮厅、通惠河郎中、厅汛等官员疏浚通州河道、修筑闸坝、收支税粮,将通州视为畿辅之门户。同时通州政治地位的变迁也与自然地理环境、漕运政策、国家方略密不可分,正是在多重因素的影响下,通州在明清五百余年中一直享有“一京、二卫、三通州”的盛名。
Tongzhou, the Ming and Qing Dynasties, was the important political and military hub of Beijing. As the center of water transport along the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, the Central Government of Ming and Qing dynasties not only set up guards for granaries in Tongzhou, but also held positions in the granary , Tong Huihe Lang, hall flood and other officials dredged Tongzhou river, building sluices, revenue and taxes, Tongzhou will be regarded as the gateway to Kinki. At the same time, Tongzhou’s political status change is also closely linked with the natural geographical environment, water transport policy and national strategy. It is precisely under the influence of multiple factors that Tongzhou enjoyed “one Beijing, two Wei and three Tong states ”Reputation.