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目的以红心菊及新白菊为母本,野菊Chrysanthemum indicum及菊花脑Chrysanthemum nankingense为父本,设计4种杂交组合进行杂交并鉴定种间杂种,以了解药用菊花主要性状遗传规律。方法采用蕾期授粉进行药用菊花种间杂交,通过形态学、细胞学手段及RAPD分子标记技术对药用菊花种间杂种进行鉴定。结果杂种外观性状介于亲本之间,有的出现了亲本不具备的性状特征。RAPD分子标记结果表明,杂种表现出父本特异带或双亲均不具备的新谱带。杂种染色体数目为亲本平均值。结论蕾期授粉法进行种间杂交可产生种子,红心菊及新白菊基因杂合度高,杂种表现出性状分离,染色体多为非整倍体。
OBJECTIVE To study the inheritance of the main characters of medicinal chrysanthemum with the hybrids of four kinds of hybrids and the crossbreeding of hybrids between the plants of Radix Centipede and New White Chrysanthemum indicum and Chrysanthemum nankingense. Methods The budding pollination was used for interspecific hybridization of medicinal chrysanthemum. The interspecific hybridization of medicinal chrysanthemum was identified by morphology, cytology and RAPD molecular marker. Results Hybrid appearance traits between parents, and some appeared traits that parents do not have. The results of RAPD markers showed that the hybrids showed a new band not found in either male or female parents. The number of hybrid chromosomes is the average of the parents. Conclusion The pollination method in seedling stage can produce seeds by the pollination method in the budding stage. The genes of hybrids of Hongxinju and Xinhuailian are highly heterozygous, and the hybrids show segregation of traits. Most of the chromosomes are aneuploid.