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β-内酰胺类抗生素包括青霉素类、头孢菌素类和头霉素类抗生素,其分子结构中含有重要的β-内酰胺环。为了使β-内酰胺类抗生素在配伍溶液中稳定,延缓这类抗生素在溶液中迅速水解而失效,充分发挥其抗菌活性,作者就此类药物在配伍输液中可能发生的某些变化进行探讨。1 分子结构与水解关系 青霉素类抗生素分子结构中含有β-内酰胺环。分子结构中β-内酰胺环是青霉素类抗生素抗菌活性最重要的组成部分,也是最不稳定的部分,易水解。如遇碱,β-内酰胺环首先破裂,分解为青霉噻唑酸;遇酸时分解为青霉二酸或分解为青霉烯酸。
Beta-lactam antibiotics include penicillins, cephalosporins and cephamycins, which contain important beta-lactam rings in their molecular structure. In order to stabilize the β-lactam antibiotics in the compatibility solution and delay the rapid hydrolysis of these antibiotics in solution, and to give full play to their antibacterial activity, the authors discuss some possible changes that may occur in compatibility infusion of such drugs. 1 molecular structure and hydrolysis penicillin antibiotics molecular structure containing β-lactam ring. The β-lactam ring in the molecular structure is the most important part of the antibacterial activity of penicillin antibiotics and also the most unstable part, which is easily hydrolyzed. In case of base, β-lactam ring first rupture, broken down into penicillin thiazole acid; in case of acid is decomposed into penicillanic acid or broken down into penicillinic acid.