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根据世界投入产出数据库计算的中国同世界主要国家的产业同构性表明,2000-2014年期间中国同世界上大部分国家间存在较高的产业结构趋同,而与不同国家之间的产业同构性又存在较大的差异;从每年的平均值看,中国同主要国家间的产业同构性在2008年之前波动较大,之后波动较小。运用中国同41个国家的面板数据进行系统GMM估计表明,中国与世界主要国家间的产业同构性对于中国向这些国家的出口具有显著的抑制作用,说明当前中国在国际贸易中所显示出的产业竞争力还相对较低。中国今后在实施“一带一路”建设中要通过继续加强技术创新提高企业的生产率水平和产业竞争力水平。
The industrial isomorphism between China and major countries in the world based on the world input-output database shows that there is a high degree of industrial structure convergence between China and most of the countries in the world between 2000 and 2014, There is a big difference in the structure. From the average of each year, the industrial heterogeneity between China and other major countries fluctuated greatly before 2008, and then fluctuated less. The systematic GMM estimation using panel data from 41 countries in China shows that the industrial heterogeneity between China and other major countries in the world has a significant inhibitory effect on China’s exports to these countries and shows the current situation of China in international trade Industrial competitiveness is relatively low. In the future, China will implement the “One Belt and One Roads” strategy to enhance its productivity and industrial competitiveness by continuing to strengthen technological innovation.