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转化生长因子β是一组细胞外分泌型信号多肽,通过控制细胞的生长、增殖、分化、凋亡、移行等对机体的生理功能起到重要的调节作用。TGF-β信号主要通过膜上的受体和膜内SMAD s分子进行转导。近几年的研究表明,TGF-β信号家族在心脏的发育和功能中都起到了重要的作用。胚胎发育期,TGF-β家族参与了早期心脏前体细胞特化、环状心形成、心内膜表皮向间充质转化、心外膜表皮向间充质转化等过程。成年后,TGF-β家族分子在维持心血管系统正常生理功能方面起到重要作用,TGF-β信号通路分子的改变与心肌肥大及其向心衰的改变、心肌纤维化等病理过程密切相关。
Transforming growth factor β is a group of extracellular secretory signal peptide that plays an important regulatory role on the body’s physiological function by controlling cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and migration. TGF-beta signaling is mainly mediated by receptors on the membrane and intra-membrane SMADs. In recent years, studies have shown that, TGF-β signaling family in the development and function of the heart has played an important role. During embryonic development, the TGF-β family is involved in the processes of early cardiac progenitor cell differentiation, annular heart formation, endochondral epidermis to mesenchymal transition and epicardial epidermis to mesenchymal transition. The adult TGF-β family molecules play an important role in maintaining the normal physiological function of cardiovascular system. The changes of TGF-β signaling pathway are closely related to cardiac hypertrophy and its changes to heart failure, myocardial fibrosis and other pathological processes.