本世纪以来,特别是第二次世界大战以来。各国十分重视工程技术,纷纷采取措施推动技术科学和工程技术的发展,强化其地位和作用,二十多个国家建立了工程院、工程与技术科学院等学术机构。我国1955年成立中国科学院学部时,就设立 Since this century, especially since the Second World War. Countries attach great importance to engineering and technology, and have taken measures to promote the development of science and engineering technology and strengthen their position and role. In more than 20 countries, academic institutions such as engineering institutes and engineering and technical academies have been established. When China established the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955, it was established