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全球环境意识、特别是环境伦理意识的增长,是人们高度关注转基因技术的环境影响的重要原因之一。如果一项新技术所带来的风险是人类难以完全预料的,因而存在着巨大的不确定性,那么,对于是否、以及何时应用和推广这种新技术,人们就会产生分歧和争论。转基因技术就是这样一项新技术,在世人眼里,它的研发和应用都存在一些不确定的风险。因而,人们围绕技术的研发和应用展开了激烈的争论。这种争论不仅仅是科学方面的,同时也包含着重要的伦理和价值因素。从形式上看,当代社会关于转基因技术的伦理争论主要涉及两类伦理问题,即人际伦理(包括
The growth of global environmental awareness, especially the awareness of environmental ethics, is one of the important reasons why people pay great attention to the environmental impact of genetically modified technologies. If there is a huge amount of uncertainty about the risks posed by a new technology that humanity can not fully anticipate, then there are disagreements and disagreements about whether and when such new technologies are being applied and promoted. Transgenic technology is such a new technology, in the eyes of the world, its development and application of some uncertain risks. Therefore, people focus on the technology development and application of heated debates. This debate is not only about science but also contains important ethical and value factors. Formally, the ethical debates about genetically modified technology in contemporary society mainly involve two kinds of ethical issues: interpersonal ethics (including