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按蚊是传播疟疾等疾病的主要媒介生物,按蚊属包括几个甚至十几个近缘种组成的复合体,某些近缘种之间的形态极其相似,但其生态习性却明显不同,传病能力也有显著差异,因此正确进行蚊种鉴定对疾病预警等非常重要。单纯靠传统的形态学鉴定已不能满足按蚊近缘种和种内变异鉴别的需要,近年来,分子生物学技术在鉴定按蚊近缘种方面已成为研究的热点,本文就PCR技术、DNA探针、RAPD、RFLP、分子标志等分子生物学技术在按蚊近缘种鉴定的应用进展进行综述。
Anopheles mosquito is the main medium for transmitting diseases such as malaria. Anopheles includes several or even a dozen closely related species. Some closely related species are very similar, but their ecological habits are obviously different. There are also significant differences in the ability to transmit diseases, so proper identification of mosquitoes is very important for early warning of diseases. The traditional morphological identification can not meet the needs of identification of the relative species and intraspecific variation of Anopheles mosquitoes. In recent years, the molecular biology techniques have become the hotspot in the identification of the related species of Anopheles mosquitoes. In this paper, PCR, DNA The application progress of molecular biology techniques such as probes, RAPD, RFLP and molecular markers in the identification of the relatives of Anopheles mosquitoes was reviewed.