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目的:探讨儿童肝移植术后肝静脉流出道梗阻(hepatic venous outflow obstruction，HVOO)的相关危险因素。方法:回顾性分析天津市第一中心医院儿童活体肝移植280例，经过B型超声及血管造影诊断HVOO。根据有无HVOO的情况分为两组，对于相关因素进行分析。结果:两组受者相关因素进行比较，性别、月龄、体重及原发病分类差异均无统计学意义，供肝重量与受者体重比(GRWR)差异有统计学意义。肝静脉流出道重建方式中的相关因素，在HVOO组与Non-HVOO组间差异均无统计学意义。结论:B型超声的监测对于HVOO可以作为初筛的手段；血管介入球囊扩张治疗可以很好的治疗HVOO；过高的GRWR可能是HVOO的高危因素之一。“,”Objective:To explore the risk factors of hepatic venous outflow obstruction (HVOO) after liver transplantation in children.Methods:A total of 280 children of living donor liver transplantation were retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of HVOO.Results:No significant inter-group differences existed in gender, age, weight or primary disease classification. However, significant differences existed in graft to recipient weight ratio (GRWR). No inter-group differences existed in various factors of hepatic venous outflow reconstruction.Conclusions:Ultrasonic monitoring may be employed as a primary screening modality for HVOO. And interventional balloon dilation is suitable for HVOO. High GRWR may be one of high risk factors of HVOO.