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目的:为婴儿乳糖不耐受症寻找最佳的治疗途径。方法:将360例确诊为婴儿乳糖不耐受症的患儿分成门诊治疗组(简称门诊组,n=309)和住院治疗组(简称住院组,n=51)。门诊组给予短期无乳糖奶粉喂养,即第1～2天停母乳,予无乳糖奶粉喂养,第2天起视大便情况逐渐添加母乳喂养次数与喂养量,过度时间为7 d,之后恢复母乳喂养,不用药物;住院组入院后予以常规检查、头孢类抗生素(50～100)mg.kg-1抗炎、蒙脱石散止泻、双歧杆菌片调理肠道菌群紊乱等,补充水与电解质,加强营养支持。结果:平均腹泻症状好转时间门诊组为(2.74±1.575)d,住院组为(14.30±11.597)d,两组间比较差异有统计学意义(t’=0.007 49,P<0.01);呼吸道感染门诊组38例(12.298%),住院组16例(31.373%),两组间比较差异有统计学意义(u=3.534,P<0.01);发病1个月内平均体重增长门诊组为(0.93±0.512)kg,住院组为(0.70±0.543)kg,两组间比较差异有统计学意义(t=0.031 695,P<0.05)。结论:对确诊为乳糖不耐受症婴儿腹泻患儿可选择门诊治疗,指导家长进行短期无乳糖奶粉喂养,以避免住院交叉感染,有利于婴儿康复及生长发育。
Objective: To find the best treatment for lactose intolerance in infants. Methods: 360 infants diagnosed with infant lactose intolerance were divided into outpatient treatment group (n = 309) and inpatient treatment group (n = 51). Out-patient group were given short-term lactose-free milk powder feeding, that is, 1 to 2 days to stop breast milk, lactose-free milk powder feeding, the first two days depending on the situation as the gradual addition of stool frequency of breastfeeding and feeding, excessive time was 7 d, and then resume breastfeeding , No drugs; hospitalized patients were routinely checked after admission, cephalosporins antibiotics (50 ~ 100) mg.kg-1 anti-inflammatory, montmorillonite bulk diarrhea, bifidobacterial tablets conditioning intestinal flora disorders, etc., Electrolyte to enhance nutritional support. Results: The average diarrhea symptom time was 2.74 ± 1.575 days in outpatient group and 14.30 ± 11.597 days in hospitalized group, with significant difference between the two groups (t ’= 0.00749, P <0.01); respiratory tract infection Outpatient group 38 cases (12.298%), hospitalization group 16 cases (31.373%), the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (u = 3.534, P <0.01); within 1 month average weight gain outpatient group was (0.93 ± 0.512) kg, and hospitalized group was (0.70 ± 0.543) kg, with significant difference between the two groups (t = 0.031 695, P <0.05). Conclusions: Outpatient treatment of infantile diarrhea diagnosed as lactose intolerance may be selected to instruct parents to feed short-term lactose-free milk powder in order to avoid in-hospital cross-infection and be conducive to infant rehabilitation and growth.