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目的考察震后1年内中学生心理健康状况的时序特征。方法采用症状自评量表,对汶川地震灾区两所中学430名学生,在5.12地震之后第3个月、第5个月、第9个月以及第13个月对其心理健康状况进行调查。结果震区中学生心理健康在第5个月后总体状况呈好转趋势;震后1年内的不同时段,中学生在强迫、抑郁、焦虑几个因子上得分高于常模;恐怖因子得分一直显著高于常模;震后各个时段至少1个因子高于3分的人数保持在10%以上。结论震区中学生心理健康总体状况呈好转趋势,但恐怖因子得分一直高于常模。
Objective To investigate the temporal characteristics of middle school students’ mental health status within 1 year after earthquake. Methods A total of 430 students from two middle schools in Wenchuan earthquake-affected area were surveyed by using the self-rating symptom scale. Their mental health was investigated at the third month, the fifth month, the ninth month and the thirteenth month after the May 12 earthquake. Results The mental health of middle school students in quake-affected areas showed a general trend of improvement after the 5th month. In different periods of 1 year after quake, secondary school students scored higher than norm in the factors of coercion, depression and anxiety. The score of terrorists was consistently higher than Norm; the number of persons with at least one factor higher than 3 in each time period after the earthquake remained above 10%. Conclusion The general situation of mental health of middle school students in earthquake zone tends to improve, but the score of terrorist factor has always been higher than that of norm.