论文部分内容阅读
一、我国向市场经济过渡的方式现在国内外都有人主张用“休克疗法”向市场经济过渡,“休克疗法”的创始人是联邦德国总理艾哈德。二次大战后,德国西部占领区,通货膨胀严重,经济陷入极度混乱之中。艾哈德推出货币改革,一夜之间把二次大战期间由希特勒建立起来的统制经济转变为市场经济。八十年代拉丁美洲一些国家如玻利维亚、智利和墨西哥等国家的政府在尝试减少国家对经济生活的干预时,也采取过快速向市场经济过渡的变革,这些改革被称之为拉美疗法。目前俄罗斯、东欧波兰、匈牙利、前东德等国家地区,也基本上采取了“休克疗法”。其基本做法是紧缩财政和货币前提下,一步到位地放开物价,通过实现外贸自由、实现货币自由兑换,大步推进企业私有化。前苏联经济学家沙塔林曾提出500天过渡到市场经济
First, the way China’s transition to a market economy Now at home and abroad have advocated the use of “shock therapy ” to the market economy transition, “shock therapy ” founder is the Federal Republic of GermanyElhard. After the Second World War, in the occupied area of western Germany, inflation was so severe that the economy was plunged into chaos. Ehud introduced the currency reform, which overnight turned the economy of control, built by Hitler during the Second World War, into a market economy. In the 1980s, some countries in Latin America, such as Bolivia, Chile and Mexico, also adopted rapid changes to the market economy when they tried to reduce state intervention in economic life. These reforms were called Latin American therapies. At present, Russia, Eastern Europe, Poland, Hungary, the former East Germany and other countries and regions have basically adopted the “shock therapy.” The basic approach is to tighten fiscal and monetary conditions, one-step liberalization of prices, through the realization of foreign trade freedom, currency exchange, stride forward the privatization of enterprises. Sady Tallinn, a former Soviet economist, has proposed a 500-day transition to a market economy