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空气中的声速取决于空气中水分的含量。本文所介绍的湿度传感器就是通过测量空气中水分对声速的影响来测量空气中水分的容积百分率。传感器唯一暴露在受检测环境部分是一对不锈钢管(见图1)。该传感器非常结实,可用于恶劣环境,如用于纸厂控制纸张干度的环境,大多数湿度传感器是不能在那种场合工作的。 根据热力学基本原理和气体动力学理论,空气中水蒸气的容积百分率x与声速有下列关系:
The speed of sound in the air depends on the amount of moisture in the air. This article describes the humidity sensor is measured by the impact of moisture in the air on the speed of sound to measure the volume percentage of air moisture. The only part of the sensor exposed to the test environment is a pair of stainless steel tubes (see Figure 1). The sensor is very robust and can be used in harsh environments such as those used by paper mills to control the dryness of the paper, and most humidity sensors will not work on that occasion. According to the basic principles of thermodynamics and gas dynamics theory, the volume percentage of water vapor in the air x has the following relationship with the speed of sound: