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报道了激光加工的包含熔池自由表面的准稳态有限元模型。研究表明：Ｍａｒａｎｇｏｎｉ力和蒸气压力是决定自由表面形貌的内在因素，当熔池温度低于沸点时，前者是主要原因，并且重力方向变化对表面形貌有明显的影响；气流是主要的外在因素，它的分布和大小能明显影响熔池自由表面形貌。
The quasi-steady-state finite element model of the laser-machined free surface containing the weld pool is reported. The results show that the Marangoni force and vapor pressure are the intrinsic factors that determine the free surface morphology. The former is the main reason when the bath temperature is lower than the boiling point, and the change of gravity direction has obvious influence on the surface morphology. In factors, its distribution and size can significantly affect the weld pool free surface topography.