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包钢生产的U_(74)钢轨属80公斤级钢轨,但实际出厂的钢轨平均强度高达94.6公斤/毫米~2,而延伸率不能全部达到标准规定9％的要求。铁道部门反映,在国内几家钢轨生产厂中,包钢钢轨强度高而韧塑性较低。为查明包钢钢轨的性能,已经进行过若干方面的调查研究。本文采取将包钢轨与鞍钢轨对比的方法,研究包钢钢轨性能的特征。 一、重轨实物性能对比 首先将鞍钢轨与包钢轨做了残余微量元素的分析,结果见表1。然后选取四组鞍钢U_(74)和包钢U_(74)成分相近的钢轨,在轧态和常化状态下进行强度,塑性和韧性的对比试验。常化处理的目的是为了消除轧制应力对性能的影响,以便比较化学成分(包括微量元素)的作用。
The U74 rail produced by Baosteel is a 80 kg rail, but the actual strength of the actual rail is as high as 94.6 kg / mm2. However, the elongation can not all meet the 9% requirement of the standard. Railway departments reflect that in several domestic rail production plants, Baotou Steel has high strength and low ductile plasticity. To investigate the performance of clad steel rails, several studies have been conducted. In this paper, the method of comparing the clad rail with the saddle rail is adopted to study the characteristics of the clad steel rail. First, compare the physical properties of heavy rail First of all, the rail and rail rails make an analysis of residual trace elements, the results shown in Table 1. Then, four sets of rails with similar compositions of U_ (74) and U_ (74) were selected and tested for strength, ductility and toughness under both normal and rolling conditions. The purpose of normalization is to eliminate the effects of rolling stress on performance in order to compare the effects of chemical constituents, including trace elements.