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针对河南省矿山开采形成的土地破坏、环境污染和生态退化等问题,该文提出了相应的土地复垦与生态重建的目标和整治重点。以河南省县域地貌类型图、土壤类型图、植被区划图和矿产资源分布图为基础,结合实地野外调查,采用GIS技术提取采矿区相关信息,基于空间叠加分析技术,将河南省细分为7个土地复垦区,即:豫北焦鹤复垦区、豫西陕洛复垦区、豫中郑平复垦区、豫东永夏复垦区、豫西南伏牛山南复垦区、南阳盆地复垦区和豫南山地复垦区。分区结果表明,在各分区的地形地貌、矿产资源赋存、土地破坏等特征及气候土壤条件基础上提出的复垦策略,有助于河南省土地复垦管理实践,推动矿区生态文明建设。
Aiming at the problems of land destruction, environmental pollution and ecological degradation caused by the mining in Henan Province, this paper puts forward the corresponding goals and priorities of land reclamation and ecological reconstruction. Based on the county landform types map, soil type map, vegetation zoning map and mineral resources distribution map in Henan Province, GIS technology was used to extract relevant information of mining area based on field investigation. Based on spatial superposition analysis technology, Henan Province was subdivided into 7 Land reclamation areas, namely: Jiaohe Reclamation Area in North Henan, Shaanxi West Shaanxi reclamation area, Zhengzhong reclamation area in Henan Province, Yongxia reclamation area in Henan Province, South Henan Funiu Shannan reclamation area, reclamation of Nanyang Basin District and southern Henan mountain reclamation area. The results of zoning showed that the reclamation tactics proposed on the basis of topography and geomorphology, mineral resources occurrence and destruction of land and soil and climatic conditions in each sub-area contributed to the practice of land reclamation management and the construction of ecological civilization in the mining area.