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20世纪90年代以来,国内学术界在讨论社会转型问题时普遍运用“公共领域”和“公共空间”的概念。对此,有学者指出:真正的公共领域要求检验个人是否为政治群体的充分成员,是否行使公民责任和义务,也要求相应的政治制度方面的资源支持。因为“公民不仅仅是一个身份问题,而首先是一个社会结构问题和社会意识问题,即公民社会和公民文化。否则,公民身份并不能保证积极自由的政治参与”。由此,笔者认为:公共决策中构造公民参与网络的关键在于:培养公民参与公共事务的意识和能力、积极为公民参与公共事务创造机会。因此,新闻媒体应在以下两个方面有所作为。
Since the 1990s, the concept of “public domain” and “public space” has been widely used by domestic academia in discussing social transformation. In response, some scholars pointed out: The real public sphere requires testing whether an individual is an adequate member of a political group, whether or not to exercise civic responsibilities and obligations, and also requires resource support in the corresponding political system. Because “a citizen is not just an issue of identity, but first of all a problem of social structure and social awareness, namely, civil society and civic culture, otherwise, citizenship does not guarantee active and free political participation.” Therefore, the author believes that the key to constructing citizen participation in the network in public decision-making lies in cultivating citizens’ awareness and ability to participate in public affairs and actively creating opportunities for citizens to participate in public affairs. Therefore, the news media should make a difference in the following two aspects.