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目的分析2004-2010年浙江省报告的学校传染病事件的流行病学特征,为制定预防控制措施提供参考依据。方法应用流行病学分析方法对浙江省2004-2010年学校传染病事件进行描述性和分析性研究。结果 2004-2010年浙江省学校传染病事件占突发公共卫生事件数的84.0%,占总传染病事件数的75.7%;每年4-6月报告的传染病事件较多,占学校传染病事件的44.0%;病种以水痘最多,占29.56%;发病例数最多的是流行性腮腺炎,占24.98%,学校呼吸道传染病主要集中在农村,且主要分布在小学和幼托机构;肠道传染病以城市居多。学校传染病事件罹患率的中位数是4.3%,暴发平均持续时间36 d。结论学校仍是当前传染病防控工作的重点场所,尤其要关注小学和乡村学校,要重点加强呼吸道传染病的防控工作。应加强卫生、教育部门间的协作,落实学校传染病事件防控的各项措施。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of school infectious diseases reported in Zhejiang Province from 2004 to 2010 and provide reference for making prevention and control measures. Methods Epidemiological analysis method was used to carry out a descriptive and analytical study of infectious diseases in Zhejiang Province from 2004 to 2010. Results From 2004 to 2010, the number of school-based communicable diseases in Zhejiang Province accounted for 84.0% of the total number of public health emergencies, accounting for 75.7% of the total number of communicable diseases; the number of communicable diseases reported from April to June was more than that of school infectious disease Of the total, 44.0% of the cases were infected with chickenpox; the most cases were chickenpox, accounting for 29.56% of all cases; the most cases were mumps, accounting for 24.98% of all cases. School respiratory infectious diseases were mainly concentrated in rural areas and mainly distributed in primary schools and kindergartens. Infectious diseases are mostly urban. The median incidence of school-based infectious diseases was 4.3%, with an average duration of 36 days. Conclusion The school is still the key place for the prevention and control of infectious diseases. In particular, schools should pay attention to primary schools and rural schools, and should focus on prevention and control of respiratory infectious diseases. Measures should be taken to strengthen coordination between health and education departments and implement prevention and control measures for infectious diseases in schools.