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概述了国外主流异丁烷脱氢工艺,分析了反应产物分离工艺特点。由于异丁烷脱氢反应产物含有大量的氢气、甲烷、乙烯、丙烯等轻组分,采用精馏分离时,需要较低的温度,因此国外工艺均采用冷箱或低温分离单元。为避免采用冷箱或低温分离单元,在研究中选用了吸收分离方法,开发了一种由吸收塔、解吸塔及脱C4塔组成的吸收分离流程。以10万t/a异丁烷脱氢装置为例,采用C8抽余油作为吸收剂,分析了上述流程的分离效果、公用工程消耗、能耗及操作费用。研究结果表明,吸收分离异丁烷脱氢反应产物,在技术上可行,可以作为国产化异丁烷脱氢工艺技术的一部分。
The foreign mainstream isobutane dehydrogenation process is summarized, and the characteristics of the reaction product separation process are analyzed. As isobutane dehydrogenation reaction products contain large amounts of hydrogen, methane, ethylene, propylene and other light components, the use of distillation separation, the need for lower temperatures, so foreign technology are used cold box or low temperature separation unit. In order to avoid the use of cold box or cryogenic separation unit, Absorption separation method was selected in the study to develop an absorption separation process consisting of absorption tower, desorption tower and de-C4 tower. Taking a 100 kt / a isobutane dehydrogenation unit as an example, the C8 raffinate oil was used as an absorbent to analyze the separation effect, utility consumption, energy consumption and operation cost of the above process. The results show that the absorption separation isobutane dehydrogenation reaction products, technically feasible, can be used as part of the domestic isobutane dehydrogenation technology.