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一、政府起主导作用 美国实行的是自由市场经济体制,政府部门不直接管理企业,但在新产品开发、新技术推广应用方面,却起着十分重要的作用。 1、资金资助:重点支持,一是人才培养。联邦政府每年提供全国教育研究经费50％的拨款,用于培养高层次的技术人才,并为其创造研究开发和技术创新环境。各州和地方政府也非常重视教育的发展,在加州,大学的教育和科研经费就占政府支出的8％。第二,基础技术的研究和应用技术的开发。在美国研究和发展基金的50％来源于联邦政府拨款。联邦政府拥有700多个研究开发机构,全美有1/6的工程师为政府所雇
First, the government plays a leading role The United States is practicing a free market economy. The government departments do not directly manage the enterprises. However, the government plays a very important role in the development of new products and promotion of new technologies. 1, funding: key support, first, personnel training. The federal government annually allocates 50% of the national educational research grant to train high-level technical personnel and create a research and development and technological innovation environment for them. State and local governments also attach great importance to the development of education. In California, university education and research funding accounts for 8% of government expenditure. Second, basic technology research and application technology development. Fifty percent of research and development funds in the United States come from the federal government. The federal government has more than 700 research and development institutions, one-sixth of the nation’s engineers are employed by the government