目的:分析新型农村合作医疗按人头支付政策干预对供需双方满意度的影响。方法:通过问卷调查,收集2011-2015年浦东新区按人头支付干预前后新型农村合作医疗供方和需方满意度相关数据,评价政策干预前后供需方满意度的变化情况。结果:2015年新型农村合作医疗服务对象满意度和卫生技术人员满意度评分均高于99分,按人头支付政策干预后,不同卫生服务提供机构的供需方满意度评分的离散度越来越小。从2011-2015年的波动变化来看,2012年实施按人头支付政策干预当年的供需方满意度均为最低,其后总体呈逐年上升趋势。结论:按人头支付政策总体未影响服务对象满意度;卫生技术人员满意度经历“阵痛”后呈波动上升趋势。 OBJECTIVE: To analyze the impact of the intervention of new-type rural cooperative medical system on the satisfaction of both supply and demand by the policy of “one-on-one payment.” Methods: Through questionnaire survey, we collected the data of satisfaction of new-type rural cooperative medical providers and demand-side satisfaction before and after intervention in Pudong New Area from 2011 to 2015, and evaluated the changes of satisfaction degree of supply and demand before and after the policy intervention. Results: Satisfaction of new rural cooperative medical service recipients and satisfaction ratings of health technicians were above 99 in 2015. Dispersion of satisfaction scores of supply and demand parties by different health service providers was getting smaller and smaller . From the fluctuation of 2011-2015, the satisfaction of supply and demand parties in the year of implementing the head-pay policy was the lowest in 2012, and then increased year by year. Conclusion: According to the policy of payment by head, the satisfaction of clients is not affected in general. The degree of satisfaction of health technician is fluctuating upward after the pain of “pain”.