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目的了解腹泻高发期引起腹泻病的主要致病菌的种类与分布,指导临床医生合理用药,为流行病学研究及疾病的有效预防控制提供依据。方法收集2014年济南456医院、中心医院5月-10月门诊腹泻病人便标本,通过增菌、培养、生化分析、血清凝集实验进行菌株鉴定,同时填写流行病学调查表,了解病人信息。结果共收集腹泻高发期5-10月腹泻病人标本及信息表899份,初步分离主要致病菌株182份,其中致泻大肠埃希菌占48.35%,沙门菌占26.37%,志贺菌占25.27%。病人主要集中在青年组(15~30岁),占43.60%,发病时间主要在6、7月份。结论医院感染性腹泻病人发病具有季节、年龄分布的不同,病原菌种类复杂多样,应加强夏季腹泻病病原菌的监测与分析。
Objective To understand the types and distribution of the major pathogenic bacteria causing diarrhea during the high incidence of diarrhea and to guide the rational use of drugs by clinicians and provide the basis for epidemiological studies and effective prevention and control of the disease. Methods The specimens of patients with diarrhea in Jinan 456 Hospital and Central Hospital from May to October 2014 were collected. The strains were identified by enrichment, culture, biochemical analysis and serum agglutination test. The epidemiological questionnaire was filled in to understand the patient information. Results A total of 899 samples of diarrhea patients with diarrhea during the period of high incidence of diarrhea and 899 copies of information were collected. 182 primary pathogens were isolated, of which 48.35% were diarrhea-causing Escherichia coli, 26.37% were Salmonella, 25.27 %. Patients mainly concentrated in the youth group (15 to 30 years old), accounting for 43.60%, the onset time is mainly in June and July. Conclusions The incidence of hospitalized patients with infectious diarrhea has different seasonal and age distributions. The types of pathogens are complex and diverse, and the surveillance and analysis of pathogens in summer diarrhea should be strengthened.