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发展失衡是当前中国经济社会运行中的突出问题,一般认为其直接原因是公共服务的提供不足,症结在于政府责任的缺失。通过区分“发展阶段型”和“政府责任型”两种失衡形态,可以发现,公共服务供求双方的因素共同导致了中国经济发展失衡问题的集中爆发,发展阶段型失衡和政府责任型失衡的混合形态是中国当前发展失衡的本质属性。中国经济转轨时期的体制制约了政府的效率,并导致了政府行为的偏差,是当前发展失衡的根本症结所在。因此,改变中国发展失衡现状的途径,不应仅仅要求政府在公共服务领域承担更多责任,更应立足体制转轨背景,加快解决引致政府行为偏差的体制性问题。
The unbalanced development is a prominent issue in the current economic and social operation in China. Generally speaking, the immediate cause is the lack of provision of public services. The crux of the problem lies in the lack of responsibility of the government. By distinguishing the two types of imbalances between “stage of development” and “government responsibility”, we can find that the factors of both supply and demand of public services lead to the concentrated outburst of development imbalances in China’s economy and the development stage imbalance and the government responsibility The mixed form of imbalances is an essential attribute of China’s current unbalanced development. The system in the period of China’s economic transition has constrained the efficiency of the government and led to the deviation of the government’s behavior, which is the fundamental crux of the current development imbalance. Therefore, changing the path of unbalanced development in China should not merely require the government to take more responsibility in the field of public service. Instead, it should base itself on the institutional transition and speed up the resolution of institutional problems that lead to the deviation of government behavior.