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目的:探讨年龄及性别因素对正常嗓音造成的影响,为病理嗓音的诊断与疗效评估奠定基础。方法:随机选择18~40岁、60~90岁两年龄段的男、女性各33例,采用“喉功能检测仪”和“电声门图仪”进行嗓音声学测试,测试的嗓音参数主要包括:基频(F0)、基频微扰(Jitter)、振幅微扰(Shimmer)、噪声能量(NNE)、声门接触率(CQ),获得的数据采用SPSS13.0进行统计分析。结果:年龄与性别因素均对嗓音造成显著性影响,而且年龄与性别存在交互作用。其中对年龄或性别因素敏感的声学参数是F0、Jitter、NNE和CQ。结论:老年嗓音随着年龄增长存在特征性的改变,老年男女性的嗓音也存在不同的改变特征,老化嗓音通过发声训练可以得到改进。
Objective: To investigate the influence of age and gender on normal voice, and lay the foundation for the diagnosis and evaluation of pathological voice. Methods: A total of 33 males and females aged 18-40 years and 60-90 years old were randomly selected, and their voice acoustics tests were performed using “laryngograph ” and “electroacoustic chart instrument ” The voice parameters mainly include F0, Jitter, Shimmer, NNE, and glottal contact rate (CQ). The data were analyzed by SPSS13.0 . Results: Both age and gender had a significant effect on the voice, and there was an interaction between age and gender. The acoustic parameters sensitive to age or gender are F0, Jitter, NNE and CQ. CONCLUSIONS: There is a characteristic change of aged voice with age. The voice of elderly men and women also has different changing characteristics. Aging voice can be improved by vocal training.