荚膜抗原、鼠毒素和内毒素是鼠疫菌细胞的重要成分。众所公认,这些抗原均参与鼠疫病原体的致病过程。自从荚膜抗原被提纯后,学者们对物理和化学特性、生物学、血清学、透析活性及其遗传性等发表了大量的研究成果。其中有些观点很不一致。由于篇幅所限,我们仅就上述抗原的结构和生物学特性探讨如下。 The capsular antigens, toxins and endotoxins are important components of Yersinia pestis cells. It is generally accepted that these antigens are all involved in the pathogenesis of plague pathogens. Since the capsular antigen purification, scholars have published a large number of research results on the physical and chemical properties, biology, serology, dialysis activity and its heredity. Some of these views are very inconsistent. Due to space constraints, we only discuss the structure and biological characteristics of the antigen as follows.