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利用Microstation软件对某化工厂区进行三维建模,在考虑实际外界风向、风速,不同点火源位置等重要影响因素的条件下,运用计算流体动力学(CFD)软件FLACS,研究了有毒、易燃易爆的氯乙烯液化气体储罐安全阀气体泄漏和储罐底部物料管线液态氯乙烯的泄漏、蒸发、扩散和爆炸作用等过程,计算结果可以给出氯乙烯火灾、爆炸或扩散中毒等事故后果的影响范围和相关精确物理量。模拟结果表明,对于常温下的氯乙烯液化气体球罐,球罐安全阀泄漏后罐区及周边不会有燃烧或爆炸危险;而物料管线在特定的液相泄漏情景下,蒸发扩散的氯乙烯气云则有可能发生气云爆炸;但在弱约束条件下,爆炸冲击波作用比较微弱。该研究方法及其结果可以为石油化工企业选址、设计布局、安全规划、风险分析、应急救援及事故调查等提供更加准确的依据。
Using the Microstation software to make a 3D modeling of a chemical plant area, CFD software FLACS was used under the conditions of actual external wind direction, wind speed, different ignition source location and other important factors. The toxic and flammable Explosion of liquefied gas storage tank safety valve leakage of gas and the bottom of the tank liquid vinyl chloride liquid leakage, evaporation, diffusion and explosion processes, the results can be given vinyl chloride fire, explosion or proliferation poisoning and other consequences of the accident Impact range and related exact physical quantities. The simulation results show that there is no danger of combustion or explosion in the tank area and the periphery of the tank after the leakage of the safety valve of the spherical tank for the vinyl chloride liquefied gas tank at normal temperature. However, in the case of the specific liquid phase leakage, the material pipeline evaporates the diffused vinyl chloride Gas cloud is likely to cloud gas explosion; but under weak constraints, the impact of the shock wave is relatively weak. The research method and its results can provide more accurate basis for site selection, design layout, safety planning, risk analysis, emergency rescue and accident investigation of petrochemical enterprises.