当前,世界各国都在根据自己的国情,调整科研政策、科研重点和资金投向,以提高科学技术水平,促进技术出口和科技密集型产品的出口,增强国际经济竞争能力。经济合作与发展组织近日发表了题为《1994科技政策的总结和展望》的报告。从一个侧面反映了上述科技发展的大趋势。 一、工业化国家调整科研政策 经合组织的报告说,由于世界格局的变化,工业化国家近年来的经济危机和美、日、欧贸易竞争的加剧,目前西方工业化国家正在大规模调整科研政策。 报告认为,近年来工业化国家的科研政策有6大特点:1.尽管经济困难,但 At present, all countries in the world are adjusting their research policies, research priorities and funding in accordance with their own national conditions so as to raise the scientific and technical level, promote the export of technology and the export of science and technology-intensive products, and enhance the competitiveness of the international economy. The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development recently issued a report entitled “Summary and Prospects of Science and Technology Policies in 1994”. From a side reflect the general trend of development of science and technology. I. Adjustment of Scientific Research Policies in Industrialized Countries According to the report of the OECD, due to the changes in the world pattern, the economic crisis in industrialized countries in recent years and the intensified trade competition among the United States, Japan and Europe, the western industrialized countries are now adjusting their scientific research policies on a large scale. According to the report, there are six major characteristics of scientific research policies in industrialized countries in recent years: 1. Despite the economic difficulties,