目的:分析比较澳洲大蠊与美洲大蠊的油脂成分组成,为合理利用两种蜚蠊资源提供实验依据。方法:采用乙醇回流提取蜚蠊药材,所得醇提液用石油醚萃取得到油脂部位。运用气相色谱-质谱联用技术分析油脂成分,采用HP-5MS石英毛细管柱,载气高纯氦,电子轰击电离源,离子源温度230℃,质量扫描范围m/z 12~550,用NIST11.L标准库进行质谱检索,并结合峰面积归一化法计算各化学成分相对峰面积。结果:从澳洲大蠊油脂中鉴定37个成分,占总成分90.99%,其中以亚油酸(29.86%),油酸(26.30%),二十六烷(10.57%),硬脂酸(3.94%),十七烷(3.78%)相对峰面积居高,另检出少量花生四烯酸(0.34%);从美洲大蠊油脂中鉴定35个成分,占相对总成分94.14%,以油酸(44.09%),棕榈酸(16.03%),硬脂酸(6.32%),3-二十碳炔(5.31%)较多。结论:澳洲大蠊与美洲大蠊油脂的主要成分类型均为脂肪酸及其酯类和烃类化合物,但在种类与相对峰面积上存在不同程度的差异。有21个共有成分,其相对峰面积差别较大。 OBJECTIVE: To analyze and compare the lipid composition of Periplaneta americana and Periplaneta americana to provide experimental basis for rational utilization of two kinds of cockroach resources. Methods: The extract of cockroaches was extracted with ethanol, and the extract was extracted with petroleum ether to obtain the lipid fraction. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to analyze the oil composition. HP-5MS quartz capillary column, high purity helium carrier gas and electron bombardment ionization source were used. The ion source temperature was 230 ℃ and the mass scanning range was m / z 12-550. L standard library for mass spectrometry, combined with the peak area normalization method to calculate the relative peak area of ​​each chemical composition. Results: 37 constituents were identified from Australian cockroach fats, accounting for 90.99% of the total composition. Among them, linoleic acid (29.86%), oleic acid (26.30%), hexacosane (10.57%), stearic acid %). The relative peak area of ​​heptadecane (3.78%) was high, and a small amount of arachidonic acid (0.34%) was detected. From the American cockroach grease, 35 components were identified, accounting for 94.14% of the total. (44.09%), palmitic acid (16.03%), stearic acid (6.32%) and 3-eicosynyne (5.31%). CONCLUSION: The main constituents of both Australian cockroaches and Periplaneta americana oils are fatty acids, their esters and hydrocarbons, but differ in their species and relative peak areas. There are 21 common components, the relative peak area difference is larger.