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目的:研究A（H1N1）pdm09流感病毒对同型流感病毒感染过的人群是否同样构成威胁，是否与同型季节性流感病毒存在血清交叉反应。方法:2008—2009年北方流感冬季流行季之后，建立北京健康人群随访队列，于2009年9月首次调查并采集血清样本。随后，在2010年1月初，A（H1N1）pdm09流感病毒大流行高峰期后，对该队列进行流感样症状（influenza-like illness，ILI）的随访调查。研究季节性流感毒株血凝素抑制抗体、微量中和抗体、IgG1和IgG2抗体反应对ILI发生的影响。结果:年龄大于20岁的人ILI的风险显著降低（n OR=0.299，95%n CI：0.101~0.897，n P=0.04）。单因素分析中，2009年流感大流行期间ILI患者血清样本与A（H1N1）亚型流感病毒存在一些交叉反应，但去除2009年A（H1N1）pdm09流感疫苗接种史的混杂因素后，交叉反应无统计学意义（n OR=0.324，95%n CI：0.124~0.987，n P=0.06）。n 结论:从实际的人群中观察到，同型季节性流感毒株可能不会通过体液免疫诱导对A（H1N1）pdm09流感病毒的交叉反应。针对大流行流感病毒的特异性疫苗对疾病保护至关重要。“,”Objective:To study the possible threat by the influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus to the population infected by the same type of the virus as well as the cross immune reaction between the virus and the seasonal influenza viruses of the same type.Methods:After the influenza season in 2008-2009 winter, a cohort of healthy subjects in Beijing was established. The cohort was initially surveyed and the serum samples were collected in September 2009. At the beginning of January 2010, after the peak period of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus epidemics, the influenza-like illness (ILI) cases in the cohort were followed to study the effects of hemagglutinin inhibitory antibody, minimal neutralizing antibody and antibody responses of IgG1 and IgG2 against seasonal influenza strains on ILI occurrence.Results:People older than 20 years old had significantly lower risk of ILI (n OR=0.299, 95%n CI: 0.101-0.897, n P=0.04 ). Single factor analysis indicated that the cross-reactions between serum samples collected during influenza pandemic in 2009 and samples from ILI cases caused by seasonal influenza A(H1N1) virus infections existed. But, the cross reactions had no statistically significance after extraction of confounding factors, e.g. history of vaccination against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus (n OR=0.3, 95%n CI: 0.124-0.987, n P=0.06).n Conclusions:From observation results in the actual population, homotypic seasonal influenza virus strains may not induce cross-reactions against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus via humoral immunity. Vaccines specific to pandemic influenza virus are essential for disease protection.