用土坯建造房屋,在我国已有悠久的历史。制造土坯,取材方便,生产操作简单,成本低廉,有良好的保温性能,因而很多地区的农民都乐于使用土坯建造房屋。但土坯也存在着一定的缺点,如强度低,抗水性差,影响建筑物的耐久性。所以改进土坯的性能,尤其改进土坯的抗水性能,对改善土坯建筑物的耐久性有着十分重要的意义。在有关单位的协作下,我们对此问题进行了系统的试验研究,现将初步总结介绍于后。土坯成型,一般有半干压、半干打(半干塑)和湿塑三种方法。在试验中由于条件的限制,我们只采用了半干打和湿塑两种成型方法,其中以半干打为多,因此所介绍的有关数据大多以半干打法为主。 Building houses with adobe has a long history in our country. The production of adobe, convenient material extraction, simple production operation, low cost, and good insulation properties have made farmers in many regions happy to use adobe to build houses. However, adobe also has some disadvantages, such as low strength and poor water resistance, which affects the durability of buildings. Therefore, improving the properties of adobe, especially improving the water resistance of adobe, is of great significance to improving the durability of adobe buildings. With the cooperation of the relevant units, we conducted a systematic experimental study on this issue, which will be initially summarized and introduced later. Adobe molding, generally semi-dry, semi-dry (semi-dry plastic) and wet plastic three methods. In the experiment, due to the limitation of conditions, we only used half-dried and wet-plastic molding methods, of which half-dried ones were used for the majority of the time. Therefore, most of the data presented were mainly semi-dry.