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阐述了采用主动法探测炸药的原理,分析了屏蔽体、自然界本底和反应截面对炸药中1H,12C,16O和14N核素的测量影响。并利用252Cf中子源辐照模拟炸药半球,采用高纯锗γ探测器探测由中子与1H,12C,16O和14N核素发生(n,γ)俘获反应产生的射线。利用MC-NP对炸药中产生γ射线的概率进行了计算,并采用相对效率法进行了实验结果的分析。实验结果表明:主动法探测炸药成分(1H和14N)是可行的。
The principle of proactive explosive detection was described. The influence of shield, natural background and reaction cross section on the determination of 1H, 12C, 16O and 14N nuclides in explosives was analyzed. And irradiate the hemisphere with 252Cf neutron source to simulate the radiation generated by the (n, γ) capture reaction of neutron with 1H, 12C, 16O and 14N nuclides using a high purity germanium gamma detector. The probability of γ-ray generation in explosives was calculated by MC-NP, and the experimental results were analyzed by relative efficiency method. The experimental results show that it is feasible to detect explosive components (1H and 14N) by active method.