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坡面侵蚀影响因素众多,为研究不同坡度下土壤侵蚀的降雨影响因子。选择坡度为5°,10°,15°野外径流小区,观测雨强、径流量、降雨过程,接取沙样。利用SPSS分析统计软件,对降雨量P(X1)、平均雨强I(X2)、瞬时最大雨强IMAX(X3)、最大10min雨强I10(X4)、最大30 min雨强I30(X5)、降雨动能E(X6)、最大30min雨强与降雨动能的乘积EI30(X7)、降雨量与平均雨强的乘积PI(X8)、降雨量与最大瞬时雨强的乘积PIMAX(X9)、降雨量与最大10min雨强的乘积PI10(X10)、降雨动能与最大10min雨强的乘积EI10(X11)、降雨量与最大30min雨强的乘积PI30(X12)和坡度(X13)与土壤侵蚀量进行因子分析和逐步回归分析。结果表明:坡面侵蚀量主要受降雨动能和坡度影响,坡度在5~15°范围内是影响坡面侵蚀的主要因素,坡面侵蚀量与降雨动能和坡度呈线性关系。
There are many influencing factors on slope erosion, which are the influencing factors of rainfall on soil erosion under different slopes. Select the slope of 5 °, 10 °, 15 ° outdoor runoff plot, observation of rainfall intensity, runoff, rainfall process, access to sand samples. By using SPSS statistical software, the effects of rainfall intensity P (X1), average rainfall intensity I (X2), instantaneous maximum rainfall intensity IMAX (X3), maximum 10min rainfall intensity I10 (X4), maximum rainfall intensity I30 (X5) Moment E (X6), product of rainfall intensity and rainfall kinetic energy at maximum 30min EI30 (X7), product of rainfall and average rainfall intensity PI (X8), product of rainfall and maximum instantaneous rainfall intensity PIMAX (X9), rainfall (X10), EI10 (X11), PI30 (X12) and slope (X13) of the product of the rainfall intensity and the maximum rainfall intensity of 30min and the soil erosion amount Analysis and stepwise regression analysis. The results show that the erosion amount of slope is mainly affected by rainfall kinetic energy and slope. The slope gradient is the main factor affecting slope erosion in the range of 5-15 °. The slope erosion has a linear relationship with rainfall kinetic energy and slope.