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作者报道大果型苹果金冠、白粉皮和红玉等3个品种幼嫩胚乳培养物分化芽、苗的营养繁殖和生根所需要的条件。实验结果,虽然胚乳愈伤组织的诱导频率很高,但是只有个别的愈伤组织团块分化了芽。通过胚乳苗的营养繁殖和顺利诱导生根,同样获得了许多胚乳植株。 根尖细胞染色体检查表明:金冠、红玉胚乳植株的根尖,是由具有多种染色体数目的细胞组成的嵌合体(金冠常见为37～56个,红玉是32～58个),其中绝大部分为具有35个以上染色体的非整倍体细胞,而3倍体细胞所占比例极少。文中讨论了胚乳植株染色体倍性的不稳定性,并得出结论,试图通过苹果胚乳培养得到3倍体胚乳植株是较困难的。
The authors report on the conditions required for the differentiation and budding of young endosperm cultures, the vegetative propagation and rooting of three varieties, including the golden apple, the white peel and the red apple. As a result of the experiment, although induction of endosperm callus was frequent, only buds of individual calluses differentiated. By endosperm seedling vegetative propagation and successful induction of root, also obtained a lot of endosperm plants. Chromosome examination of root tip cells showed that the root tips of the golden crown and ruby endosperm plants are chimeras composed of cells with various chromosome numbers (37 to 56 in golden crown and 32 to 58 in red jade) Most of them are aneuploid cells with more than 35 chromosomes, while the proportion of somatic cells is very small. In this paper, we discuss the instability of chromosome ploidy in endosperm plants and conclude that it is more difficult to obtain the diploid endosperm plants through apple endosperm culture.