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[目的]探讨改良液氮冷冻法诱导家兔股骨髁部坏死的有效性.[方法]取成年新西兰大白兔12只,任取一侧为实验侧,使用液氮冷冻枪及自制的冷冻枪头实施液氮冷冻,另一侧设立对照侧;术后4周及8周,对实验侧及对照侧股骨髁部行大体标本观察、X线片及组织学检查,计数各组的空骨陷窝率并进行统计学分析;[结果]术后4周,实验侧股骨髁部表现出明显的坏死变化,包括空骨陷窝数量较对照组明显增加(P＜0.05),髓腔内脂肪组织破坏、造血细胞减少,X线片表现为骨质不均一变化.术后8周,空泡骨陷窝数量较对照组进一步增加(P＜0.05),坏死骨质开始修复,部分骨小梁出现断裂,有大量纤维组织浸润,破骨细胞沿坏死骨小梁排列,X线片显示骨质不均一变化范围进一步加重.[结论]本改良液氮冷冻法能成功诱导家兔股骨髁部坏死,为后续的股骨头坏死模型建立提供参考.“,”[Objective] To investigate the effectiveness of inducing femoral condylar osteonecrosis by liquid nitrogen insult using a serf-designed probe in rabbits.[Methods] In this experimental study,12 New Zealand rabbits were used.One of femoral condylar randomly selected in each animal was treated with liquid nitrogen insult by the self-designed probe,while the contralateral femoral condylar underwent sham operation as control.At 4 and 8 weeks after operation,X-ray examination,gross observation and histological examination were performed.The percentage of empty lacunae of each group was counted and statistically analyzed.[Results] At 4 weeks,the femoral condylar of the treated sides presented significant osteonecrosis,including significantly increased numbers of empty lacunae compared with the control group (P＜0.05),destroyed adipose tissue and decreased hematopoietic cells in the cancellous bone,associated with inhomogeneous changes in X-ray films.In addition,the numbers of empty lacunae continuously increased (P＜0.05),and the trabeculae became fractured accompanied with abundant fibrous tissue infiltration around them at 8 week.Meanwhile,some of the dead trabeculae were absorbed,which were surrounded with osteoclasts in histological observation,associated with worsened inhomogeneous variation on X-ray examination.[Conclusion] The liquid nitrogen insults do induce femoral condylar osteonecrosis successfully,which can be used for creation of animal model for the following experiments.