继发性白血病是恶性肿瘤化疗/放疗后的远期严重并发症之一。引起卵巢癌化疗继发性白血病的化疗药物常见有烷化剂、拓扑异构酶II抑制剂等。其中烷化剂是最主要的白血病诱导剂,其诱发白血病的危险性与烷化剂的累积剂量相关。卵巢癌化疗后继发白血病患者多可发现染色体异常。治疗上可依据其白血病分型选用相应的化疗方案,但临床缓解率低,生存期短。耐药率高是继发性白血病治疗困难的一大原因。造血干细胞移植可以降低死亡率,延长无病生存期。预后与染色体异常类型相关。 Secondary leukemia is one of the serious long-term complications after chemotherapy / radiotherapy of malignant tumors. Chemotherapy drugs that cause ovarian cancer chemotherapy secondary leukemia common alkylating agents, topoisomerase II inhibitors. Among them, alkylating agents are the most important leukemia inducing agents and their risk of leukemia is related to the cumulative dose of alkylating agents. Patients with secondary leukemia after ovarian cancer chemotherapy can detect chromosomal abnormalities. Treatment can be based on their leukemia type selection of the appropriate chemotherapy, but the clinical remission rate is low, short survival. High resistance rate is a major cause of secondary leukemia treatment difficulties. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation can reduce mortality and extend disease-free survival. Prognosis is related to the type of chromosomal abnormalities.