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近年来认为尿中红细胞形态变异对判断泌尿道出血部位有着极其重要意义。国外在80年代陆续介绍应用位相显微镜检查尿红细胞形态鉴别肾小球性血尿和非肾小球性血尿;国内亦曾用光镜(油镜下)观察尿红细胞形态变异,同样取得满意结果。我们对115例泌尿系统疾病小儿尿液用扫描电镜检查,不但从立体观察红细胞形态变异,还能显示红细胞成分的微细结构变化,从而为鉴别血尿来源提供诊断依据;与此同时我们用放射免疫法测定尿中β_2M、Alb,和IgG的含量,判断肾小球和肾小管损伤程度,对早期诊断泌尿道疾病有一定临床价值。
In recent years that the morphological changes of urine red blood cells to determine the site of urinary tract bleeding is extremely important. Foreign countries in the 1980s introduced the use of phase microscope microscopic examination of urinary erythrocyte morphology to identify glomerular hematuria and non-glomerular hematuria; domestic have also used light microscopy (under the oil microscope) to observe morphological changes of urinary red blood cells, also obtained satisfactory results. We use 115 cases of urinary tract diseases in children with urinalysis by scanning electron microscopy, not only stereoscopic observation of morphological changes of red blood cells, but also shows the fine structure of red blood cell components in order to identify the source of hematuria provide a diagnostic basis; at the same time we use radioimmunoassay Determination of urinary β_2M, Alb, and IgG content, to determine the extent of glomerular and tubular damage, early diagnosis of urinary tract disease have some clinical value.