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[目的]研究江西省典型水稻土对铜、铅的吸附解吸特性。[方法]以江西省2种典型的水稻土(潜育型、潴育型)为试材,采用振荡平衡法研究铜、铅在水稻土中的单一和竞争吸附-解吸情况,并利用吸附分配系数对铜和铅在水稻土中的环境风险进行评估。[结果]等比例条件下两种水稻土对铜和铅离子的吸附量为铅大于铜,且潴育型水稻土的吸附能力明显大于潜育型,但两种水稻土对铜和铅离子的解吸量则为铜大于铅,且解吸能力为潜育型水稻土大于潴育型;与单一体系相比,竞争条件下水稻土对铜和铅离子的吸附量均明显降低,但解吸率则明显升高;水稻土中铜污染的潜在环境风险大于铅,铜和铅离子的环境风险随p H升高而减小,且铜和铅共存时明显增大。[结论]研究表明在铜和铅离子共存于水稻土时,与铅污染相比,应重视和尽量避免铜的污染。
[Objective] The study aimed to study the adsorption and desorption characteristics of copper and lead in typical paddy soil in Jiangxi Province. [Method] Two kinds of typical paddy soils (latent type and retention type) in Jiangxi Province were used as materials to study the single and competitive adsorption and desorption of copper and lead in paddy soil by oscillating equilibrium method. The adsorption and desorption The coefficients evaluate the environmental risks of copper and lead in paddy soil. [Result] The adsorption capacity of copper and lead ions to Pb and Pb in the two paddy soils under equal proportion was higher than that of Cu, and the sorption capacity of the paddy-paddy soils was obviously greater than that of the latent type. However, The desorption capacity of copper was higher than that of lead, and the desorption capacity of the paddy soil was more than that of the paddy soil. Compared with the single system, the adsorption capacity of copper and lead ions in the paddy soil decreased significantly under the competitive conditions, but the desorption rate was significantly . The potential environmental risk of copper pollution in paddy soil is greater than that of lead. The environmental risk of copper and lead ions decreases with the increase of p H, and the copper and lead coexist obviously. [Conclusion] The results showed that when copper and lead ions coexist in paddy soil, the pollution of lead should be paid more attention and avoided as much as possible.