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本文介绍对北京地区使用的工业Ｘ射线探伤机泄漏辐射情况进行调查的方法与结果。共抽查了北京、上海等地８个厂家生产的２１台探伤机，其中北京、丹东和日本厂家生产的１６台，均为气体冷却的便携式探伤机，上海和德国生产的５台，为水冷或油冷却探伤机。用ＦＪ－３４７Ａ型Ｘ、γ剂量仪对探伤机Ｘ射线管头距靶１ｍ处的泄漏辐射空气比释动能率进行了测试。调查测试结果表明，依据我国机械工业部１９８５年发布的专业标准（ＺＢＹ３１５－８５），５台水冷或油冷式探伤机的防护性能全部合格，而气冷式探伤机只有２台合格，其余１４台探伤机Ｘ射线管头泄漏辐射水平超标，其超标的测点主要分布在管头的阴极侧。文中对探伤机泄漏辐射超标的原因进行了分析，对不合格产品提出了防护结构设计及生产工艺等方面的改进措施
This article introduces the methods and results of investigating the leakage of industrial X-ray flaw detectors used in Beijing. Totally 21 flaw detection machines were produced from 8 factories in Beijing and Shanghai. Among them, 16 were produced by Beijing, Dandong and Japanese manufacturers, all of which were gas-cooled portable flaw detectors. Five units were produced in Shanghai and Germany for water-cooled or Oil cooling flaw detection machine. The FJ-347A X, γ dosimeter was used to test the energy ratio of leakage radiant air at the X-ray tube head of the flaw detector 1m away from the target. Survey results show that, according to China’s Ministry of Machinery Industry issued in 1985 professional standards (ZBY315-85), five water-cooled or oil-cooled flaw detection machine all qualified, and air-cooled flaw detection machine only 2 qualified, and the remaining 14 Taiwan flaw detector X-ray tube leakage exceeded the standard, the main point of its excessive distribution in the cathode side of the tube. In this paper, the cause of excessive flaw of flaw detector is analyzed, and the improvement measures on the design of protective structure and production technology are put forward for the unqualified products