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测定岩石应力有两种基本方法:(1)主动方法:施加作用力以平衡引起变形的原岩应力;(2)被动方法:解除小岩体的约束,根据测得的位移或应变导出应力分量。表1列出常用的现场测试技术和需要的仪器。表1中的方法所存在的问题往往使其结果有些不可靠。下面是可能存在的一些问题:
There are two basic methods for measuring rock stress: (1) active method: applying force to balance the original rock stress that causes deformation; (2) passive method: relieving the restraint of small rock mass and deriving the stress component according to the measured displacement or strain . Table 1 lists common field test techniques and instruments needed. The problems with the methods in Table 1 tend to make the results somewhat unreliable. Here are some possible problems: