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养老金双轨制是指面向公务员及事业单位编制人员和普通职工的两种独立养老保险制度的并行。这两者之间存在的养老金收入以及替代率的巨大差距已然在社会效率及公平的问题上引起了巨大的争议。本文试图通过宏观数据验证这一现象,并且基于CHNS微观数据使用计量模型来估计双轨制中间的差距。结果显示,公务员退休需要承受的工资下降要比普通企业职工小7803元,其养老金替代率比普通职工要高出14.5%。
The dual system of pensions refers to the parallel implementation of two independent pension insurance systems for civil servants and institutional staffs and ordinary workers. The huge gap between the pension income and the replacement rate between the two has caused great controversy on the issue of social efficiency and fairness. This article attempts to validate this phenomenon with macro data and to use the econometric model based on CHNS microdata to estimate the gap between the two tracks. The results show that civil servants need to bear the wage reduction of retirement than ordinary workers 7803 yuan, the pension replacement rate 14.5% higher than ordinary workers.