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目的探讨综合医院住院地震伤病员的特点和疾病谱。方法收集整理三所医院收治汶川地震伤病员的诊疗信息。对比三所医院收治伤病员入院时间、基本情况和诊疗信息的差异。结果全部住院伤病员男性730人(56.5%),女性562人(43.5%)。三所医院住院患者性别、年龄组、民族、婚姻状况、手术与否和治疗结果构成差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);震区一线医院住院天数的中位数低于西京和唐都医院(P<0.001)。按照出院第一诊断,损伤或中毒住院伤病员占81.5%。结论地震等灾害后应尽早(灾后3-5天)开展伤病员转运。地震第一阶段医疗救援完成后,医疗救援重点应转向内科和慢性疾病,应提前做好应医疗准备。地震医疗救援应按照伤病员疾病谱,配置医护人员、器材、药品等,避免浪费。
Objective To investigate the characteristics and disease spectrum of casualties of earthquake victims in general hospital. Methods Collecting and arranging the treatment information of three wounded and sick patients in Wenchuan Earthquake. Comparison of the three hospitals admitted to the wounded and sick admission time, the basic situation and the difference of diagnosis and treatment information. Results All hospitalized patients were male 730 (56.5%) and female 562 (43.5%). There were significant differences in the sex composition, age group, ethnicity, marital status, surgical outcome and treatment outcome among the inpatients of the three hospitals (P <0.05). The median length of hospital stay in the first-line hospitals was lower than that of Xijing and Tangdu hospitals (P <0.001). In accordance with the first diagnosis of discharge, injury or poisoning accounted for 81.5% of hospitalized patients. Conclusion Disaster transport should be carried out as soon as possible after the earthquake (3-5 days after the disaster). After the first phase of the earthquake medical rescue is completed, medical rescue should focus on medical and chronic diseases should be prepared in advance should be well prepared. Earthquake medical rescue should be in accordance with the disease spectrum of patients, medical staff, equipment, medicines, etc., to avoid waste.