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为了获取岩体内部变形信息,研制出牵引式多点位移测量装置,并将其应用于三维模型试验内部位移量测。在3 600×2 000×2 000 mm(长×宽×高)的大型三维模型中3个不同层位共布设9个内部位移测点,同时在对应位置设置表面位移测点,开展模拟开采过程模型位移规律研究。试验表明,模型内部位移呈缓和的台阶状变化,随着工作面推进台阶阶高逐渐降低,它与模型表面位移的台阶状变化相对应;岩层稳定后,处于相同层位的内部测点最终位移基本相同,3个层位的内部测点的最终位移值分别为54、35、25 mm,同一层位的表面位移也基本相同,最终位移值分别为58、41、30 mm,内部最终位移值比表面最终位移值小7%~15%;同一层位岩层内部变形、表面变形同步变化,与工作面上覆岩层垮落和来压规律一致。该位移测量装置测量数据可靠,读数精度可达0.07 mm/°,安装和操作方便,为三模型试验内部变形测试提供了新的研究手段。
In order to obtain the information of internal deformation of rock mass, a traction multi-point displacement measuring device was developed and applied to the internal displacement measurement of 3D model test. Nine internal displacement measuring points are laid out in three different layers of 3 600 × 2 000 × 2 000 mm (length × width × height) in large three-dimensional model. At the same time, surface displacement measuring points are set at corresponding positions to simulate the mining process Study on Displacement of Model. The experimental results show that the internal displacement of the model shows a gentle step-like change, which gradually decreases with the step height of the working face and corresponds to the step-like change of the displacement of the model surface. After the rock formation is stabilized, the final displacement of the internal measuring point The final displacements of the inner measuring points of the three layers are 54, 35 and 25 mm respectively. The surface displacements of the same layer are also basically the same. The final displacements are respectively 58, 41 and 30 mm. The final displacement Which is 7% -15% less than the final displacement of the surface. The internal deformation and surface deformation of the same layer of rock strata change synchronously, which coincides with the caving and compressing laws of overlying strata in the working face. The displacement measurement device has reliable measurement data, reading accuracy of 0.07 mm / °, convenient installation and operation, and provides a new research method for the internal deformation test of three-model test.