面对汹涌而至的白发浪潮日趋明显的家庭小型化及市场经济体制下单位福利向社会福利的转向上海市针对国办养老机构负担重成本高效益低服务对象范围窄的问题在保持现有财政拨款基数和正常递增不变的情况下将对福利机构的拨款改为对服务对象的补助改暗补为明补营造了一个相对公平的竞争环境不仅调动了国家办和社会办养老机构的积极性而且建立了一个适应社会需求的养老新机制 In the face of surging white hair tide  Increasingly obvious family miniaturization and the transition of welfare system to social welfare under the market economy  High burden on high-end hospitals in Shanghai for pension-oriented institutions  Low efficiency  The narrow range of clients The problem  Replacing the subsidy for welfare agencies with the target clients 保 Replacing the subsidy with the subsidy to create a relatively fair competitive environment 保 not only keeps the existing base of financial appropriation and its normal increment unchanged  Not only Mobilized the enthusiasm of state agencies and society to provide pension institutions and established a new pension mechanism that meets the needs of society