我国近期面对的主要挑战是如何使宏观经济与结构改革、产业进步相互促进 ,迎接新世纪的到来。国内外的经验表明 ,实行金融、政策与产业结构的有机结合 ,是提高科技水平 ,推动产业结构调整和升级的最有效方法之一。产业政策既是金融及其有关政策的实施对象 ,又是调整结构目标实现的重要表现形式 ,但产业政策必须兼容在金融及经济政策之中 ,二者的总体目标是一致的。中国的最大优势是能集中财力办大事 ,如果失去了国家财金政策的支持 ,也就失去了优势。应进行财金制度创新 ,挖掘政策潜力 ,建立财金及经济政策对产业调整和产业升级的激励机制 ,发挥财金政策的“四两拨千斤”效应 The main challenge that China faces in the near future is how to promote macroeconomic and structural reforms and industrial progress to meet the new century. Experiences both at home and abroad show that the combination of finance, policy and industrial structure is one of the most effective ways to raise the level of science and technology and promote the readjustment and upgrading of the industrial structure. Industrial policy is not only the object of implementation of the financial and related policies, but also an important manifestation of the adjustment of structural objectives. However, the industrial policies must be compatible with the financial and economic policies. The overall objective of the two is the same. The biggest advantage of China is that it can concentrate its financial resources on major issues and lose its advantages if it loses the support of the state's financial policies. We should innovate the financial system, tap the potential of policies, set up an incentive mechanism for the adjustment of industries and industrial upgrading through financial and economic policies, and give full play to the “big and small” effect of the fiscal policy