据有关文献记载,芝麻染色体的数目为2n=26和2n=52。确切掌握芝麻种质资源的染色体数目,对深入研究芝麻的植物学分类,指导芝麻育种工作是十分必要的。为此,我们选用河南省按粒色分类具有代表性的四个栽培品种:淇县白芝麻—2(白粒),遂平小籽黄(黄粒),许昌柳条青(褐粒),信阳黑芝麻(黑粒),及从赞比亚引入的野生芝麻(黑粒)作材料,进行了芝麻根尖细胞染色体数目的观察。 According to the literature, the number of sesame chromosomes is 2n = 26 and 2n = 52. To know exactly the chromosome number of sesame germplasm resources is very necessary to deeply study the botanical classification of sesame seeds and guide the sesame breeding. In order to do this, we selected four cultivars that were classified according to grain color in Henan Province: Qixian white sesame-2 (white grain), Suiping small yellow seed (yellow grain), Xuchang wicker green (brown grain) Black sesame seeds (black seeds) and wild sesame (black seeds) introduced from Zambia were used as materials to observe the chromosome number of sesame root tip cells.