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利用Leishman醋酸洋红C分带方法,首次测定了普通小麦中国春和Wic-hita有丝分裂中全部21条染色体的长度、相对长度和臂比并同减数分裂中的结果做了比较。发现在有丝分裂中,Wichita和中国春间大多数染色体长度不同。还发现在中国春和Wichita间,一些染色体在有丝分裂中有相同或相近的臂比,而在减数分裂中臂比则不同,或者相反。说明臂比是品种与不同分裂方式共同作用的结果。 中国春和Wichita一样,有丝分裂染色体长度与减数分裂染色体长度大多不同。由于整个染色体的一条臂或两条臂在有丝分裂和减数分裂中有不同的收缩比例,所以同一个品种的一些染色体在有丝分裂和减数分裂中具有不同的相对长度和臂比。这给确定某些染色体真正的臂比带来了困难,同时也给小麦进化和分类研究提出了新问题。
The length, relative length and arm ratio of all 21 chromosomes in mitochondria of common Chinese spring and Wic-hita were measured by Leishman acetate magenta C banding method and compared with the results of meiosis. Most mitochondria were found to vary in length between mitochondria and Wichita during springtime. It has also been found that some chromosomes have the same or similar arm ratios in mitosis between Chinese Spring and Wichita, whereas the arm ratios differ during meiosis or vice versa. Arm ratio is the result of a combination of breeds and different ways of splitting. Chinese spring and Wichita, mitochondrial chromosome length and meiosis chromosome length are mostly different. Because one or both arms of an entire chromosome have different rates of mitosis in mitosis and meiosis, some chromosomes of the same species have different relative lengths and arm ratios in mitosis and meiosis. This poses difficulties in determining the true arm ratio of certain chromosomes and also raises new questions for the evolution and taxonomy of wheat.