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目的 从病毒形态 ,基因表达 ,免疫 ,遗传及分子生物学角度对来自四位新近发病的Ⅰ型糖尿病 (IDDM)病人的胰腺等组织标本进行了研究。方法 在电子显微镜下观察糖尿病病人胰腺的beta细胞胞浆中有C型病毒颗粒。从这些组织的互补DNA基因库里检测人内原性逆转录病毒pol基因的表达并分析研究它们的序列。结果 糖尿病病人组的pol基因表达与对照组相比有显著差异 ,特别是ERV9,HERV K MLN ,HERVK K10和RTVL相关序列在病人组表达显著高于对照组 ,而与DR2相关的类MMTV序列的表达则显著低于对照组。我们克隆并分析了两位病人的ERV9相关基因 ,包括核心蛋白 (gag)、逆转录酶 (pol) ,膜蛋白 (env)和 3′末端长尾重复序列 (LTR)。通过进一步分析人内原性逆转录病毒基因在染色体上的分布显示 ,它们位于染色体的中心粒、端粒、免疫相关基因以及IDDM等疾病位点。结论 人内原性逆转录病毒基因在人染色体的结构和生理功能中具有重要作用 ,它们的变异可能是Ⅰ型糖尿病及其他自身免疫病和癌症等疾病的重要遗传因素。
Objective To investigate pancreatic tissue samples from four newly diagnosed type 1 diabetic patients from the perspective of virus morphology, gene expression, immunology, genetics and molecular biology. Methods Electron microscope was used to observe the type C virus particles in the cytoplasm of beta cells in the pancreas of diabetic patients. The expression of the endogenous retroviral pol genes was examined from the complementary DNA gene pools of these tissues and their sequence was analyzed. Results The expression of pol gene in diabetic patients was significantly different from that in control group. Especially, the expression of ERV9, HERV K MLN, HERVK K10 and RTVL was significantly higher in patients than in controls, while the DRTV-like MMTV sequences The expression was significantly lower than the control group. We cloned and analyzed ERV9-related genes in two patients, including the core protein (gag), reverse transcriptase (pol), membrane protein (env) and the 3 ’terminal long tail repeat (LTR). Further analysis of the distribution of human endogenous retroviruses on the chromosomes shows that they are located at the centriole, telomere, immune-related genes and IDDM and other disease sites. Conclusions The human endogenous retroviruses play an important role in the structural and physiological functions of human chromosomes. Their variations may be important genetic factors for diseases such as type I diabetes and other autoimmune diseases and cancers.