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非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）是儿童和成人常见的慢性肝病，与肥胖和代谢因素密切相关。近年来，随着生活水平和饮食结构的改变，NAFLD的发病率呈逐年上升的趋势。儿童NAFLD在流行病学、病因、发病机制、诊疗策略与成人NAFLD有许多相似之处，但又有其独特的特点。现就近年来国内、国外有关儿童NAFLD的最新研究进展进行综述。“,”Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common chronic liver disease in children and adults, and is closely related to obesity and metabolic factors. In recent years, with the changes in living standards and dietary structure, the incidence of NAFLD has been increasing year by year. Pediatric NAFLD has many similarities with adult NAFLD in terms of epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis, and diagnosis and treatment strategies; however it has its own unique characteristics. This paper reviews the latest research progress of pediatric NAFLD in recent years at home and abroad.