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目的了解2013-2015年乌鲁木齐市手足口病病原学特征和流行病学特征,为该市手足口病的防控提供病原学依据。方法采用实时荧光RT-PCR方法对乌鲁木齐市各区县疾控送检的2 267份手足口病病例标本进行肠道病毒核酸检测,并对检测结果进行统计描述和分析。结果 2 267例手足口病病例中,检出肠道病毒核酸阳性1 798例,阳性率79.31%,其中EV 7l阳性529份、Cox A16阳性673份,其他肠道病毒阳性593份,EV 7l和Cox A16混合感染3份,阳性率分别为23.33%、29.69%和26.16%、0.13%;主要为<5岁儿童,共1 718例,占75.78%;不同性别阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=9.62,P<0.05)。全年各月均可发病,具有明显的季节性,主要集中在5~7月,占病例总数的78.83%。结论 2013-2015年乌鲁木齐市手足口病的流行有明显的季节性,<5岁儿童为手足口病防控的重点人群。
Objective To understand the etiological and epidemiological characteristics of HFMD in Urumqi during 2013-2015 and to provide etiological evidence for the prevention and control of HFMD in the city. Methods The real-time fluorescent RT-PCR method was used to detect intestinal viral nucleic acid in 2 267 cases of HFMD in all districts and counties in Urumqi. The detection results were statistically described and analyzed. Results Among 2 267 HFMD cases, 1 798 positive cases of enterovirus nucleic acid were detected, the positive rate was 79.31%, of which 529 were positive for EV71, 673 for positive for Cox A16, 593 for other enterovirus, The positive rates of Cox A16 were 23.33%, 29.69% and 26.16%, 0.13% respectively, mainly for children <5 years old, with a total of 1 718 cases (75.78%). The positive rates of different gender were statistically different (χ ~ 2 = 9.62, P <0.05). The disease may occur throughout the year, with a clear seasonal, mainly concentrated in May to July, accounting for 78.83% of the total number of cases. Conclusion The prevalence of hand-foot-mouth disease in Urumqi during 2013-2015 is obviously seasonal. The 5-year-old children are the key population for prevention and control of hand-foot-mouth disease.