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目的对军事飞行人员非结石性血尿１３３例分析，并提出健康鉴定意见。方法收集１９８０～１９９８年收治的军事飞行人员各种血尿２２７例的临床资料。结果在２２７例血尿中，非结石性血尿１３３例，占５８．６％。其中特发性血尿５０例，占３７．６％，运动性血尿４３例，占３２．３％；疾病性血尿４０例，占３０．１％；医学停飞１３例，占９．８％。结论①非结石性血尿发病率较高；②临床表现较复杂，部分非结石性血尿存在尿路结石症状及体征；③非结石性血尿检查阳性率低；④特发性血尿的诊断要慎重，我们有１９例特发性血尿追踪１～９年，发现血尿原因是结石；⑤非结石性血尿的飞行结论要严格，避免微小结石漏诊而在飞行中突发绞痛造成事故；⑥对随访观察的飞行人员，航医要建立飞行追踪病历，详细记录每次飞行时的身体健康状况，并定期返院检查，确保飞行安全。
Objective To analyze the 133 cases of non-calcified hematuria in military pilots and put forward the opinion of health appraisal. Methods The clinical data of 227 cases of various hematuria of military pilots from 1980 to 1998 were collected. Results In 227 cases of hematuria, 133 cases were non-calcified hematuria (58.6%). Including idiopathic hematuria 50 cases, accounting for 37.6%, 43 cases of sports hematuria, accounting for 32.3%; 40 cases of disease hematuria, accounting for 30.1%; medicine grounded 13 cases, accounting for 9.8%. Conclusion ① The incidence of non-calculous hematuria is high; ② The clinical manifestations are complicated; some non-calcified hematuria have urolithiasis and signs; ③ The positive rate of non-calculous hematuria is low; ④ The diagnosis of idiopathic hematuria should be cautious, We have 19 cases of idiopathic hematuria tracking 1 to 9 years and found that hematuria is a stone; ⑤ non-stone-based hematuria flight conclusion should be strict to avoid missed diagnosis of tiny stones in flight angina caused by accident; ⑥ follow-up observation Pilots, aviation doctors to establish flight tracking medical records, a detailed record of each flight health status, and regularly returned to the hospital to ensure flight safety.